Cholesterol is a fatty substance your body needs, but too much of the wrong kind can build up in your arteries and raise the risk of heart attack and stroke. Like high blood pressure, high cholesterol usually causes no symptoms, so a blood test is the only way to know your levels.
What the numbers mean. A lipid profile blood test reports total cholesterol, LDL ("bad") cholesterol, HDL ("good") cholesterol, and triglycerides. In general, a lower LDL is better and a higher HDL is protective. Your doctor sets the targets that are right for you based on your overall risk, including diabetes, blood pressure, smoking, and family history.
Who should get tested, and when. Most adults should have a lipid profile checked from time to time, and earlier or more often if you have diabetes, high blood pressure, a family history of early heart disease, or are overweight.
Simple steps that help. Eat more fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and healthy fats; limit deep-fried foods, trans fats, and excess sugar; stay physically active; keep a healthy weight; and avoid tobacco. If your doctor prescribes a cholesterol-lowering medicine such as a statin, take it regularly, it works quietly to protect your arteries over time.
A note on balance. You do not need to fear all fats. Aim for an overall heart-healthy eating pattern rather than worrying about any single food.
This information is for education only and is not a substitute for medical advice. If you have concerns about your heart or cholesterol, please seek care. — Dr. Rohan P. Parikh, Interventional Cardiologist, Anand · 24×7 emergency: +91 70690 53852