High blood pressure (hypertension) often has no symptoms, yet over time it quietly strains the heart and blood vessels, raising the risk of heart attack, stroke, heart failure and kidney disease. Because it is usually silent, many people do not know they have it until a problem appears.
What the numbers mean. Blood pressure is written as two numbers, for example 120/80 mmHg. The top number is the pressure when the heart beats; the bottom number is between beats. In general, readings that stay at or above 140/90 mmHg deserve attention, and your doctor will set the target that is right for you.
Who should check, and how often. Every adult should know their blood pressure. Check more often if you have diabetes, are overweight, have a family history of high blood pressure, or are over 40. A few readings at different times give a truer picture than a single measurement.
Simple steps that help. Reduce salt, eat more fruits and vegetables, stay physically active, keep a healthy weight, limit alcohol, avoid tobacco, sleep well, and manage stress. If your doctor prescribes medicines, take them regularly, even on days you feel perfectly fine. High blood pressure is controlled, not cured, so consistency matters.
When to seek urgent care. A very high reading together with chest pain, breathlessness, a severe headache, weakness, or difficulty speaking needs emergency attention.
This information is for education only and is not a substitute for medical advice. If you have symptoms or concerns, please seek care. — Dr. Rohan P. Parikh, Interventional Cardiologist, Anand · 24×7 emergency: +91 70690 53852